BIOREM
Biological Products

A pure fish liver oil enriched with Vitamin A (8000 IU/ml), Vitamin D (800 IU/ml) and SELENIUM (0,3 mg/ml). SELENIUM is an essential trace element with which human and animals cannot live without. Sub-optimal levels in animals, restricts growth, lowers conception percentages in female animals, increases abortions and lowers the immunity of animals against viral infections. Vitamin A shortages restricts growth, especially in drought conditions, keeps placenta, and can also have an effect on bone malformation and degradation of the reproductive organs.

USES:
Rams: 3 times a year
Ewes: 4 weeks prior to mating and 4 weeks prior to lambing
Lambs: Every 3 months, and at intake in feedlots
Cows: 4 weeks prior to mating or insemination and 4 weeks prior to calving
Calves: Every 3 months, at intake in feedlots

Dosage:
Sheep: 10ml/40kg
Cattle: 25ml/100kg

BIOGLOBIN is a stock remedy which increases the passive immunity of calves, lambs and piglets, when administered within the first 6 hours after birth: to those who did not receive natural Colostrum, or not enough, or where the Colostrum is of a low standard.

PACKAGING:
A 500ml container with 100g. BIOGLOBIN powder which has to be mixed with 400ml warm water (37°C).

DOSAGE AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE:

Hours after Birth:	1 - 6	12, 18 & 24
Piglets	5 ml	5 ml
Lambs	20 ml	20 ml
Calves	60 ml	60 ml

Repeat hourly within the first 6 hours when no other colostrum has been received. More technical detail is available on request.

TECHNICAL REPORTS:
Lambs:
In an experiment to determine what the effect is when newborn lambs lambs are treated with BIOGLOBIN, the risk of mortalities were reduced highly significant. The mortality rate in the treated group, 14 days post treatment, was 0, as to the 16.67% of the untreated control group.
Piglets:
A reducing of 66% in the mortality rate was found when treated with BIOGLOBIN in comparison to the untreated control group. The piglets received a dose of 2 x 5ml BIOGLOBIN within the first 8 hours after birth.

THE USE OF BIOSIN AND BIOGLOBIN SIMULTANEOUSLY:
Lambs:
BIOGLOBIN has an antagonistic reaction against any micro-organisms in the abomasum when dosed within the first few hours It is therefor not recommend to dose BIOGLOBIN and BIOSIN simultaneously. Lambs treated with l0ml BIOSIN on the 2nd or 3rd day, had an average of 1kg advantage in mass after 60 days over the untreated control group. This experiment has been repeated various times with similar results.
Piglets:
The simultaneously administration of BIOSIN and BIOGLOBIN resulted in a 28% average mass increase in comparison with the untreated control group. Diarrhoea cases have been reduced significantly.

The best results were obtained when BIOGLOBIN and BIOSIN were used as follows:
Day 1: 5ml BIOGLOBIN hourly within the first 6 hours after birth.
Day 2: 5ml BIOSIN
Day 12: 5ml BIOSIN
Day 19: 5ml BIOSIN

Calves:
Research has shown that calf mortalities are 6.1% in cows and 11.3% in heifers, from diagnoses of pregnancy up to weaning. Some of the most important reasons can be attributed to the quality of Colostrum received.

Calves of heifers and sick cows have to receive additional Colostrum.

BIOLAM for Lambs is a milk replacer which also contains BIOREM, a Lactic Acid Bacteria culture for the treatment and prevention of diarrhoea in calves and lambs, as well as BIORED, a Physiological Bioflavonoidic Antioxidant. When mixed according to recommendations, every litre BIOLAM will contain at least 2g BIOREM.

COMPOSITION:

Moisture	5%
Crude Protein	19%
Crude Fat	19%
Ash	9.5%
Fibre	0.3%
Calcium	1.4%

ADDED VITAMINS:

Vitamin A	40000 i.u.
Vitamin D3	6000 i.u.
Vitamin B1	3.9 mg
Vitamin B2	5 mg
Vitamin B6	2.5 mg
Vitamin B12	20 mcg
Vitamin C	60 mg
Vitamin E	50 mg
Vitamin K3	3 mg
Vitamin PP	50 mg
Zn	70 mg
BIOREM	1.2 g/L
BIORED	0.35% m/m
No antibiotics added

RECOMENDATIONS FOR USE:
Add 120g (250ml) powder to 1 litre water at 40°C. Mix thoroughly.
Can also be mixed with cold water.

FEEDING INSTRUCTIONS:
Feed premixed BIOLAM for Lambs 3 to 4 times a day at 50ml per kg live weight.
Supply lamb starter meal at controlled quantities from the 2nd week. Excessive intake may cause bloat.
Water must not be supplied ad lib during the first 2 weeks. Supply water from the 2nd week, but it has to be removed for at least an hour before and after feeding. If diarrhoea occurs, reduce the measure of milk to half the normal intake. Ensure that no water is freely available. Dose BIOREM dry on the tongue, at double dose, 3 times per day. Normally the diarrhoea should be stopped by the following day.

BIOMEL for Calves is a milk replacer which also contains BIOREM, a Lactic Acid Bacteria culture for the treatment and prevention of diarrhoea in calves and lambs, as well as BIORED, a Physiological Bioflavonoidic Antioxidant. When mixed according to recommendations, every litre BIOMEL will contains at least 2g BIOREM.

COMPOSITION:

Moisture	40 g/kg (max)
Crude Protein	220 g/kg (min)
Crude Fat	160 g/kg (min)
Fibre	1 g/kg (max)

ADDED VITAMINS:

Vitamin A	50000 i.u.	Ca	13 g (max)
Vitamin D3	500 i.u.	P	8 g (max)
Vitamin E	50 mg	Na	9 g (max)
Vitamin B1	3 mg	Mg	1 g
Vitamin B2	10 mg	K	25 g
Vitamin B6	4 mg	CL	22 g
Vitamin B12	20 mg	Cu	45 mg
Vitamin PP	50 mg	Fe	90 mg
Vitamin K	10 mg	Mn	23.6 mg
Pantotenic Acid	16 mg	Zn	44.3 mg
Choline chloride	250 mg	I	0.05 mg
Fumaric acid	7 g	Co	1.10 mg
Vitamin C	50 mg	Se	0.42 mg
Antioxidant BHT	100 mg
Zinc Bacitrasin	80 mg
BIOREM	1.2 g/L
BIORED	0.35% m/m
No antibiotics added

RECOMENDATIONS FOR USE:
Add 120g (250ml) powder to 1 litre water at 40°C. Mix thoroughly.

Can also be mixed with cold water.

FEEDING INSTRUCTIONS:
Give 10% of live weight in 2 or 3 feedings per day. Do not exceed 6 litres per day.

Supply Calf starter meal from the 2nd week. Water must not be supplied ad lib during the first 2 weeks. Supply water from the 2nd week, but it has to be removed for at least an hour before and after feeding. If diarrhoea occurs, reduce the measure of milk to half the normal intake. Ensure that no water is freely available. Dose BIOREM dry on the tongue, at double dose, 3 times per day. Normally the diarrhoea should be stopped by the following day.

Contact us for more information on the rearing of calves, diarrhoea emergency treatment, growth problems and weaning methods.

A complete colostrum feeding for calves to increase passive immunity of new born calves if they did not receive any colostrum, or when colostrum was of a bad quality or insufficient quantity. To be administered within 6 hours after birth.

A complete food supplement for animals, younger than 7 days of age, to give support during stress situations, especially when the change from colostrum to milk causes digestive problems.

Contains BIOGLOBIN*

COMPOSITION:

	g/kg
Protein	250 (min)
Fat	120 (min)
Moisture	50 (max)
Fibre	5 (max)
Phosphorus	8 (min)
Calcium	16 (max)
Lysine	17 (min)
Immunoglobin	44.4 (min) Ig (G1 G2 A M)
Starch	80 (max)

DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
Mix 100 gram BIOMEL PLUS COLOSTRUM with 1 litre luke-warm water (average 45°C) and dose the calf immediately. Repeat on the hour if treatment follows within 6 hours after birth, for 6 hours. Older calves, not older than 7 days, dose immediately and repeat every 6 hours for 1 to 2 days as necessary.

All of the product that has been made up should be used immediately, or be refrigerated for a maximum period of 10 days. Prevent contamination by pouring out the correct volume and seal the container immediately. Preheat to body temperature before administrating by putting the container with the measured volume into warm water.

STORAGE INSTRUCTIONS:
Product that has been made up, should be stored at 4°C for not longer than 10 days.

WHAT IS BIOREM?
BIOREM is a registered PROBIOTIC according to Act 36 of 1947. BIOREM contains large quantities of micro-organisms that are cultivated on a Lucerne medium. The product looks like milled lucerne, with a typical sour acetic smell. The species of lactic acid bacteria in BIOREM are specifically selected for their ability to multiply under conditions which are usually not very favourable to the conventional micro-organisms in the digestive tract, as well for their antagonism against specific pathogens.

WHY IS THE BACTERIA INCUBATED ON LUCERNE (alfalfa)?
Lucerne as a growth medium:

• Reduces the cost of the growth process.
• It conserves lactic acid bacteria exceptionally long.
• Acute non-specific diarrhoea in calves and lambs can be treated more effectively with the dried product. The undeveloped rumen, which is frequently the source of infection, can be reached more easily. Dry food goes directly to the rumen.
• It is completely safe and it does not contaminate the environment with chemical materials and antibiotic resistant organisms.

APPLICATION OF THE PRODUCT :
BIOREM is registered as an anti-diarrhoeal for Calves and Lambs. Administration can be done as follows:
a). Preventative: 4g stirred in the calf's milk and 1g for Iambs, daily.
b). Acute diarrhoea: place a double dose of 8g (two desert spoons) two to three times per day dry on the tongue.

Other uses of the product BIOREM:
Ostrich chicks: General health and chances to survive increases drastically. The product has been registered for ostriches under the name BIOREM-PLUS.

Sheep feedlot: adaptation problems: Sheep start eating earlier, less cases of diarrhoea, fewer animals to be treated in the hospital camp and a saving on the administrating of antibiotics. This product is developed more specifically for feedlots and registered as BIOSIN. Inclusion rate of BIOREM in the feed at 0.2% m/m, thus 2kg per ton, helps to prevent outbreak of Coccidiosis. Lambs with clinical symptoms of Coccidiosis, could not be cured with the inclusion of BIOREM, but recovered much quicker after specific treatment.
The outbreak of Salmonella infection in lambs in a feedlot could be controlled by the inclusion of BIOREM in an experiment. Acidosis could also be treated successfully with BIOREM, while another product, specific registered, failed to get the situation under control. Normally all the bacteria die during acidosis and can be replenished by the BIOREM-culture.

Show bird and Pigeon breeders: BIOREM helps to prevent losses during stress situations. The product that has been registered specifically for birds and pigeons are Bi-Avirem and Bi-Avisin.

Racing horses: The inclusion of BIOREM in the feed helps to reduce secondary problems that occur as a result of stress. Experiments are currently in progress. Diarrhoea could also be cured in foals with the administrating of the dry product. The inclusion of BIOREM at a level of 0.2% m/m in feed reduced coccidia oocysts and salmonella counts in broilers. Ionophore, included in the feed, did not influence efficiency. The product is registered as BIOREM-PLUS, a powder, and BI-OSTROSIN, a liquid after mixing.

HOW DOES BIOREM WORK?
The Lactic Acid Bacterial culture in BIOREM starts to multiply rapidly immediately after taken in. The circumstances in the rumen and lower digestive tract are ideal for the growth of these bacteria. The bacteria establish mostly on the mucosa of the digestive tract. Pathogenic micro-organisms present in the digestive tract reduced mainly by ways of competitive exclusion. The population of the ecosystem is brought into balance and an anaerobic situation is established. Bacteriosin, lactic acid, and even natural antibiotics are secretions that help in the reducing of the pathogens. Most pathogens are affectionate to oxygen and the rapid increase of the Lactic Acid Bacteria, change the situation to an anaerobic milieu which is unfavourable to the pathogens and their numbers start to decrease drastically. The result is a healthier animal that does not get sick easily. More technical detail is available on request.

BIOREM-PLUS for ostriches and poultry contains a combination of Lactic Acid Bacteria and a natural bioflavonoidic anti-oxidant. Every gram BIOREM-PLUS contains at least 5.7 X 10⁶ lactic acid bacteria that consists of:

• Lb. acidophilus;
• Lb. bavaricus;
• Lb. casei ssp. rhamnosus;
• Lb. coryneformis;
• Lb. curvatus;
• Lb. sake;
• Streptococcus sp;
• Enterococcus spp.;
• Leuconostoc spp.
• As well as 85.7 mg BIORED, a natural bioflavonoid.

CHARACTERISTICS:
Lactic Acid Bacteria:

1. Anaerobic
2. Responsible for the digestion of up to 49% of food.
3. Bacterial antagonism through:
   • Reducing of the environment pH
   • Bacterial non-antibiotic excretions
   • Bacterial (natural) antibiotic excretions
   • Facultative anaerobic
4. STRESS and antibiotic treatment are mainly responsible for the reducing in quantities of the bacteria in the digestive tract. (See BIOREM for more information).

BIORED: Natural antioxidant:

1. Increases the natural vitamin A and E levels. considerably.
2. Anti-allergic
3. Anti-inflammatory
4. BIORED increases the general health levels of the ostrich, especially young growing chics and also the quality of the skin and feathers in adult birds. (See BIORED for more information).

WHEN TO TREAT OSTRICHES:
Medicate ostrich chics feed for at least 3 months with BIOREM-PLUS. The medication of the feed of birds older than 3 months can be amended. Sick birds have to be treated orally with the correct dosage, as their intake of feed is not sufficient to receive therapeutic levels of the medication. BI-OSTROSIN is recommended for oral administration. Feed has to be medicated during cold weather, handling, after antibiotic treatment, breeding, feedlots etc.

TREATMENT OF OSTRICHES:
Mix 2kg per ton BIOREM-PLUS in feed for young birds up to 3 month of age. The frequency of administrating medicated feed can be amended for adult birds, but at least every second week for seven days.
With the addition of BIORED, a natural bioflavonoidic physiological anti-oxidant, the following additional features are obtained:
It increases the availability of the natural vitamin A and E levels in the body. These vitamins are thus used optimally and the need for additional vitamins is limited.

1. Vitamin A increases healthy skin, feather growth and sight.
2. Vitamin E has to do with the maintenance of healthy tissue.
3. BIORED binds collagen.
4. BIORED protects unsaturated fatty adds.
5. BIORED scavenges free radicals.
6. BIORED increases the availability of energy.

WHAT IS BIOSIN?
BIOSIN is a registered PROBIOTIC, act 36 of 1947. BIOSIN consists of the same culture of Lactic Acid Bacteria as in BIOREM. It is a liquid form, with more claims and application possibilities. The strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria in BIOSIN are specially selected for a strong growth potential, as well as for its antagonism against pathogens. It also has a good resistance against certain conditions that normally reduce the concentration of "good" bacteria in the digestive tract.

HOW DOES BIOSIN WORK?
When the animal is administrated with the culture of Lactic Acid Bacteria in BIOSIN, it starts to increase rapidly. The conditions in the rumen and lower digestive tract are ideal for the growth of this group of bacteria. The bacteria establish on the mucosa of the digestive tract to remove and replace the pathogenic micro-organisms. In this way the micro ecosystem is brought into balance. When enough Lactic Acid Bacteria are present, it dominates the population in the gut while an anaerobic situation is established. Bacteriosin is an important excretion of Lactic Acid Bacteria, with an antagonism against pathogens. Due to the fact that the most important pathogenic organisms prefer an aerobic milieu and, together with the antagonistic working of the bacteriosins excreted by the Lactic Acid Bacteria, their numbers start to decrease drastically. The administrating of BIOSIN does not only treat and prevent certain stress-related pathological conditions, but also increases the animal's general health.

HOW IS BIOSIN PREPARED?
BIOSIN contains, after incubation, approximately 10 to 100 million Lactic Acid Bacteria per millilitre. Incubation occurs when the bacterial "vaccine" (included in the content of the plastic bag), is allowed to increases in the growth medium (a mixture of water and the content of the plastic sachet).

APPLICATIONS
BIOSIN is administered to animals with a dysfunction of the digestive tract due to an insufficient micro-organisms population.

1. BIOSIN is used to replace or replenish the microbe-population after antibiotic treatment.
2. BIOSIN can be used as a remedy for diarrhoea.
3. BIOSIN can be administered if an animal is subject to or after a stress situation, e.g.:
   • Transport
   • Feedlot adaptation
   • Handling
   • Weaning
   • Just after birth
   • Shows
   • Auctions
   • Colds or drastic climate changes

ADDITIONAL USES
The application situations of BIOSIN mentioned above are also applicable in other animal species:

OSTRICHES: The use of BIOSIN in ostrich chicks 3 days post hatching, increases their chances to survive drastically. Chicks start to feed earlier. The product for ostriches is registered as BI-OSTROSIN (V12928).
Dosage: 1ml BI-OSTROSIN per chick per day; BIOREM-PLUS 1g per chick on food or 2kg per ton.

FEEDLOTS: BIOSIN administrating to calves or lambs during processing at intake in the feedlot reduces adaptation problems noticeably. They start feeding much sooner, less diarrhoea occurs, less animals have to be treated in a hospital camp and a saving on the costs of antibiotics is experienced. It prevents Coccidiosis and Salmonella, as well as a successful treatment of Acidosis in lambs.

SHOW BIRDS AND PIGEONS: BIOSIN minimises losses especially under stress situations. BI-AVISIN has been developed and has to be administered orally or in drinking water at 0,5ml per bird per day, before, during and/or after transportation or any other stress situation.

BROILERS: BIOSIN reduces levels of Coccidiosis and Salmonella in chickens by the increasing of gut flora. The product is registered as BI-OSTROSIN. Administration can be done orally or in drinking water at a dosage of 1 ml per chicken per day, once per week of the first 3 weeks.

SHELFLIFE
BIOSIN has a shelf life for longer than one year, under dry, cool conditions. The product is hygroscopic and it may become syrup-like. After mixing, the product will be usable for up to a month at room temperature. It is preferable to store BIOSIN in a fridge after it has been made up. It will be usable for up to 6 months. The product has a typical sour smell.

BI-OSTROSIN is a liquid probiotic supplement for poultry and ostriches. It contains a minimum of 1 x 10⁷ live bacteria per millilitre. The product consists of a combination of 7 subspecies Lactobacilli with other species specific Lactic Acid Bacterial strains.

CHARACTERISTICS:
Stabilise the micro-organism in the digestive tract of growing and adult birds.
Digestive aid.

USES:
Rearing of chicks.
Stress situations: Feedlot adaptation, auctions, handling, transporting, etc.
Replacement therapy after treatment with antibiotics.

MIXING:
Cut the plastic sachet that contains the inoculate and growth medium and shake the contents into the container. Add lukewarm water (40°C) to the content. Shake well; leave for 2 days at optimal temperature (28°C - 32°C). Store in cool dry conditions. BI-OSTROSIN expires 12 months after date of manufacturing. BI-OSTROSIN already mixed, can be stored for 2 months at room temperature and for up to 6 months in a refrigerator at 4°C.

FEED INSTRUCTIONS:
Chickens: 1 ml per day in the drinking water.
From 25kg live weight: 5ml in the drinking water daily.
From 50kg live weight: 10ml in the drinking water daily.
Treat at least every second week for seven days. Can also be dosed orally.
Dose orally if stress is suspected.

All animals, including pigeons and show birds need a well balanced microbe population in the digestive tract. The function of these microbes can be summarized as:

• Normalize the digestion process
• Antagonistic against pathogens
• Stimulates immune system (phagocytes)
• Reduces pH to prevent growth of pathogens and normalize enzyme functioning
• Tumor suppressing
• Hydrogen peroxide secretion, in presence of glycerol produces anti-microbials: Thus natures natural........ ANTIBIOTIC!!!

Loss of these precious micro-organisms happens when:

• Treated with antibiotics!!!!
• Stress, stress, stress.....
  Stress occurs during:
  • training
  • transporting
  • races
  • caging etc.

Loss of micro-organisms lead to the reduction of Lactic Acid Bacteria, with the consequent disfunctioning of the digestion system. The difference in the ratio between pathogens and Lactobacilli which manifest in "sick" and "healthy" birds, was measured in an actual case of an E.coli outbreak and plotted in the figure:

The effect of the treating of pigeons infested with E.coli, with a broad spectrum of Lactic Acid Bacteria can be illustrated by the curve in the following picture as done by Stephen Slippers, researcher at the University of Zululand:

This curve illustrates the conclusion of this experiment and also underlines results of previous experiments on other species that:
(a) pathogens like E.coli can always be expected, even in "healthy" birds;
(b) The presence of E.coli does not necessarily mean that the birds are sick; and
(c) E.coli can be controlled effectively by the presence of sufficient amounts of Lactobacilli which could be administered once in a period of at least 168 hours under "normal" conditions.

Keeping these results in mind, as well as our knowledge of similar situations in other species, we could make the following conclusions:

1. It is of utmost importance that a balanced microbe population (the ecosystem) in the digestive system of any species always has to be present. In fact, the absence thereof can be fatal.
2. The ecosystem consists of a wide spectrum of micro-organisms, including bacteria, fungi and yeast, protozoa and even viruses.
3. Not all micro organisms are non-pathogenic. In fact, pathogens (which cause illnesses) are part of the normal micro population. As feed is not sterile, micro-organisms are part of the daily rations.
4. The pathogens are "controlled" by the presence of the advantageous organisms, of which the group of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) plays a mayor role. These LAB can thus be seen as the first defense against pathogens.

Another "natural" product: PHYSIOLOGICAL BIOFLAVONOID:
The dried LAB culture has been enriched with a very suitable and natural physiological Bioflavonoidic antioxidant, with very interesting characteristics. It is not a vitamin supplement, but increases the natural vitamins A and E's availability in the liver. It also makes energy more available and has the ability to reduce allergic levels.
To summarize: It increases the bird's natural health status.

RECOMMENDATIONS:
Babies:
Mix the feed with BI-AVIREM at 5 gram per kg feed. Feed continuously or at least twice per week. Treat the drinking water with BI-AVISIN at 0,5ml per bird in the cage once or, preferably, twice per week. In a contiuous flow watersystem it can be mixed at 1 part BI-AVISIN to 50 parts of water. In case of stress situations like weaning, transport, quick change in the weather, moult etc., treat daily at 1ml per bird in the water, or orally.

Breeding Birds:
Mix the feed with BI-AVIREM at 10 gram per kg feed, at least two weeks before the start of the breeding season. Reduce to 5 gram per kg in the breeding season. Dose 1ml BI-AVISIN per bird in the cage, in the drinking water, one to twice per week. In case of stress situations like weaning, transport, quick change in the weather, moult etc., treat daily in the water or orally.

Raising of Racing Pigeons or Show Birds:
Treat as describe in "Babies". Amend the treatment as describe in "Excercises and preparing for Shows", when they reached that age.

Excercises and preparing for Shows:
During excercise, to prepare for racings or shows, it is essential that feather growth must be optimised, to prevent oxidation of muscles, to have the maximum potential energy available and to increase the resistance against illnesses. Mix 10 grams BI-AVIREM per kg feed and dose the drinking water at least every 2nd day, with 1ml BI-AVISIN per bird in the cage.

Racings and Shows:
Treat feed at 10 gram BI-AVIREM per kg feed and dose the drinking water daily with 1ml BI-AVISIN during and up to two days thereafter. Dose the birds orally if it appears that they are stressed and refuse water.

Rest Periods:
Treat feed at 5 gram BI-AVIREM per kg feed and dose the drinking water at least once per week with 1ml BI-AVISIN.

Antibiotic Treatment:
Follow up all antibiotic treatment for at least 3 days at 1ml BI-AVISIN per bird in the drinking water. If grain feed is used, it can be moistened with water or preferably feed grade oil, as well as BI-AVIREM sprinkled over.

The liquid Lactobacillus-culture (BI-AVISIN Reg. Nr. V13118 act 36/1947) is available in 500ml. It is made up 2 days beforehand with 500ml clean luke-warm drinking water. Allow the product to incubate for 2 days at room temperature. It can now be stored in a fridge for up to 6 months.

It is important to know that these products are not going to let pigeons perform better than their ability. It will just bring out the best of it available by maximizing the bird's general health condition.

Please use antibiotics only when and as prescribed by your vet.

A complete balanced wettable starter meal for calves with probioticum and anti-oxidant as supportive food supplement, responsible for the stabilising of the digestive micro-organisms, acting as digestive aid, as well as vitamin sparing.

COMPOSITION:

	g/kg
Protein (min)	190
Fat (min)	50
Fat (max)	80
Moisture (max)	120
Fibre (max)	90
Phosphorus (min)	6
Calcium (max)	16

DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
BIOREM CALF PAP-3 is part of a total feeding program for the calf to ensure weaning as early as possible, while the feeding of milk is been minimized to reduce cost.

The calf is to be fed BIOMEL-COLOSTRUM-1 immediately after arrival for 1 to 2 days, depending on the strength of the calf. This helps to stabilizes the calves digestive system.

Feed the calf BIOMEL-2 for at least 5 to 6 days as prescribed. If diarrhoea occurs during this period, reduce volume of milk by half, but still at the same concentration. Treat with BIOREM at least one hour before or after feeding, dry on the tongue, as prescribed. Use antibiotics only in utmost cases, or when prescribed by a vet. It delays the developement of the G.I. tract of the calf.

From the second week, mix BIOREM CALF PAP-3 gradually in the milk. BIOREM CALF PAP-3 has been pre-cooked, and is ready to be mixed with lukewarm milk or water.

The amount of BIOREM CALF PAP-3 is increased steadily in the milk in such a way that the calf will be able to take only PAP mixed with water at the end of the second week.

The calf should be able to take only BIOREM CALF PAP-3 as a wet feeding from week 3 together with free access to calf growth meal and good quality roughage or pasture.

WEANING can take place as soon as the calf's intake of growth meal and roughage is sufficient (over 1kg per day) for growth.